Don’t expect brushes
to last forever. But cleaning them regularly means they will last a good long
time.
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| A constant, revolving mess. |
A few weeks ago I wrote about what different shaped oil
painting and watercolor
brushes were used for. A reader asked me to follow up on the care of brushes.
That’s rich, I thought, because I’m the worst abuser of my
own brushes, especially when I’m on the road. There's never a utility sink
available, and it’s not nice to repay your hosts by washing brushes in their kitchen sink. I have been known to shower with them and clean them with
shampoo, since they’re usually no dirtier than I am. Mostly I wrap them in
plastic and hope for the best. And the best, after a week in a hot car, often
isn’t very good.
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| Wrapped in plastic, hoping for the best. |
The cardinal rule of brush care is to not let them stand in any
kind of solvent—mineral spirits or water. That includes during painting, which
is why a small, swinging solvent holder is such a great idea—it’s impossible to
leave a brush in it.
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| If you paint out of a moving car, as I did here, you have to wait to clean your brushes. |
Let’s start with watercolor brushes. In general, they need
to be rinsed when you’re done, shaped back into their proper form, then allowed
to dry flat. This is where a brush roll comes in handy. Pay particular
attention to rinsing them if you paint with saltwater or use alcohol to prevent
freezing.
Fine hair brushes can be washed with mild soap. However, the
only situation where that would be necessary is if you’re committing the faux pas of using your watercolor brushes
to paint in acrylics. If that’s the case, on your own head be it, as the
Psalmist wrote.
Soap is not detergent.
Both are emulsifiers known as surfactants. These allow oil
to be lifted out with water. That’s why they are both capable of cleaning your
hair, although we generally use a different kind of surfactant—shampoo—for that.
Soaps are made from natural ingredients like plant oils or
animal fats. Detergents use synthetic bases, and they have additional
surfactants added to increase the oil-stripping. This is why we don’t generally
use detergent to wash our hair—it’s too good at removing oils. The same is true
for our brushes.
Soap, by the way, dates back to 2800 BC, whereas detergent was
formulated during a World War I soap shortage.
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| Soaking them in coconut oil can sometimes loosen up dried paint. |
If you left your brushes standing and they’ve started to
harden up, detergent won’t work any better than soap at softening the mess. I
sometimes pre-treat them with coconut oil when I can't get the paint out. Masters
Brush Cleaner also manages to soften up dried paint without
using dangerous chemicals.
A few years ago, a friend sent me a sample of a product she
likes for brush cleaning: War
Horse Saddle Soap. This is a glycerin-based soap and is now my preferred
brush soap, not least because they’re a family-based business using safe and
sustainable materials.
However, I think any saddle-soap or brown soap like Fels-Naptha works. For that matter, I’ve washed a lot of brushes with the sample soaps
available in hotel rooms. One product that doesn’t clean brushes
well is Dr. Bronners Organic Pure Castile
Soap. It’s a pity, because it smells good.
The only secret of brush-cleaning is to get to them fast. Get
as many solids as you can out with mineral spirits; that will prevent clogging
your sink. Thoroughly coat them with soap, inside and out, and wash them with a
rag, not your bare hand. (Even the least-toxic of pigments shouldn’t be ground
into your skin.) The brush is clean when the water runs clear, and not before.
Don’t expect heavily-used brushes to last forever. They’re
made of hair and they wear out. In fact, most of my filberts started life as
flats. But by cleaning your brushes regularly, you’ll ensure that they will
last as long as is possible.
